fight off the effects of的意思|示意

That response, however, comes at a price. The larger the swelling, the greater the immune stress on the bird and the more energy its immune system is consuming to fight off the effects of pathogens.

但这也是要付出代价的：肿包越大，免疫反映对个体的压力就越大而且为了对抗病菌还会消耗更多的能量。

We should inform them of the harmful effects of night shifts and give them tips on how to prevent and fight off these hazards.

同时，也应告诉他们上夜班的不良影响和给予他们一些如何避免防止这些危害的建议。