hard scientist的意思|示意

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Hard scientist是一种常见的英文术语，用于指\\"从事传统科学研究的科学家\\"。它用于区分科学家和实际应用科学的人，如工程师或技术专家。

A hard scientist refers to a scientist who conducts research in traditional scientific areas. It is used to differentiate them from people who apply science in practical ways, such as engineers or technical experts.

换句话说，hard scientist就是指那些从事基础科学研究的科学家，比如在物理学、化学、生物学等学科中担任研究员或教授的人，也包括那些从事新兴领域的科学家，比如人工智能、基因技术等。他们致力于探索和研究现有和未知的科学问题，为科技及其应用领域提供理论基础和实践指导。

In other words, hard scientists are those scientists who are involved in basic scientific research, such as working as researchers or professors in disciplines such as physics, chemistry, biology, and so on. This also includes scientists who are working in emerging fields, such as artificial intelligence, genetic engineering, and so on. They are dedicated to exploring and researching existing and unknown scientific problems, providing theoretical basis and practical guidance for the field of science and technology and its application.

和hard scientist相对的是soft scientist，soft scientist是指那些从事社会科学和人文学科的科学家，比如历史学家、文学家，经济学家等。这些学科是以辩证法或是逻辑分析来研究其特定课题的，而不是采用科学家通常使用的实证研究方式。

The opposite of hard scientist is soft scientist. Soft scientists are those scientists who are engaged in social sciences or humanities, such as historians, literature scholars, economists, and so on. These disciplines are studied through dialectical or logical analysis instead of the empirical research methods usually used by scientists.

因此，hard scientist一词通常用来指那些从事传统科学研究的科学家，而soft scientist一词则指那些从事社会科学和人文学科的科学家。

Therefore, the term hard scientist is usually used to refer to those scientists who are engaged in traditional scientific research, while the term soft scientist is used to refer to those scientists who are engaged in social sciences and humanities.