x ray photoelectron spectroscopy x的意思|示意

The prepared product was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(sem)、透射电镜(tem)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对制备的产品进行了表征。

Then, the films were characterized with X ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), X ray diffraction(XRD), ultraviolet visible light absorption spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy(AFM).

用X光电子能谱、X射线衍射、紫外可见吸收光谱、原子力显微镜等手段对制备的薄膜进行了表征。

The x-ray diffraction (XRD), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM)were employed to analyze the structure, composition and surface morphology of the films .

用x射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）和x光电子能谱（XPS）对样品进行了结构、形貌及组分分析。

Specific frequency used by inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry methods.

具体采用了电感耦合高频等离子体发射光谱、X射线衍射、拉曼光谱、X射线光电子能谱、循环伏安测试手段。

The coating phase structure and chemical composition were analyzed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) respectively;

利用X射线衍射仪、X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）对涂层的相结构及涂层的化学成分进行了分析和讨论；

We utilized the electrochemistry, scanning electron micrograph, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to demonstrate this mechanism.

我们用电化学方法、扫描电镜、X射线光电子能谱和X射线荧光光谱法对此进行了证明。